This research aims to investigate how Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) implementation into operational policies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) of Pakistan can address climate-related challenges that are deforestation, water scarcity, and extreme weather conditions. Drawing on the Earth System Governance (ESG) framework, the research focuses on how governance structures and policies of KP comply with SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), and SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy). A qualitative methodology using academic literature from 2020 to 2024, policy reviews, and secondary data are used. We present results showing that important gaps exist in interdepartmental coordination, the prioritization of resources, and stakeholder participation during the localization of the SDGs. The ESG framework identifies adaptive governance and participatory approaches as necessary to deal with these barriers. The study offers the following recommendations: Project output includes a provincial SDG strategy, increased stakeholder collaboration, and resource appropriation.